This edition of the Security Sector Reform Monitor: Timor-Leste examines the rise of national government ownership of the security sector reform (SSR) process. The report examines Timor-Leste's draft National Security Policy and new legislative framework for the security sector. It also explores Timor-Leste's unresolved security issues dating back to the 2006 crisis; namely the overlapping mandates of the police and the armed forces and the rise of paramilitary policing. Timor-Leste is showing troubling signs of police militarization and the blurring of lines between internal and external security responsibilities, as reflected in recent police operations, dubbed “ninja operations,” in the west of the country.