After years of decline in Sub-Saharan Africa, the decade 2000-2010 was marked by growth enhancing structural change – the refocusing of the economy from less productive sectors towards more productive ones. Margaret S. McMillan, Associate Professor of Economics, Tufts University, argues that improved productivity growth and declining labour force in the agriculture sector, coupled with improvements in governance and increased education levels in rural children, could be signals of ‘quiet revolution’ towards the modernisation of Africa.