Comparisons of Media Literacy Education Programs Across Canada

Digital Policy Hub Working Paper

April 14, 2026

Previous notions of media literacy are no longer sufficient in today’s media landscape. Critical media literacy requires us to not only consider the information we receive through media today, but also the media materials themselves and the notions of power embedded within. Practicing critical media literacy requires deliberation about and understanding of the socio-political systems and structures that shape personal interactions with media, and it’s the necessary next step up from basic media literacy proficiency.

Julianna L. Kowlessar expands on critical media literacy and the varied approaches to teaching media literacy currently used in Canada, recommending that a unified, guiding national critical media literacy framework should be created.

About the Author

Julianna L. Kowlessar is a Digital Policy Hub doctoral fellow and a Ph.D. candidate in the Joint Graduate Program in Communication and Culture at York and Toronto Metropolitan Universities.