Digital Assets Regulation: Lessons from Mainland China and Hong Kong

CIGI Paper No. 329

July 18, 2025

Digital assets and distributed ledger technology have developed along different paths in China and Hong Kong. China has trialled central bank digital currencies but has since introduced strict regulations on cryptocurrencies, whereas Hong Kong’s approach has been more open and inclusive toward virtual assets. This paper examines these different approaches, the reasons behind them and the context in which they evolved. It concludes with lessons from both regions based on their regulatory practices.

About the Author

Xingqiang (Alex) He is a CIGI senior fellow. Alex is an expert on digital governance in China, the Group of Twenty (G20), China and global economic governance, domestic politics in China and their role in China’s foreign economic policy making, and Canada-China economic relations.