Trade in Data: Rapid Flows, Lagging Policy

Digital Policy Hub Working Paper

April 24, 2026

Data has revolutionized the global economy. It’s intangible, it’s worldwide, and it’s got to be regulated. But it can’t be approached like every other form of trade. Existing policies on data mobility approach data regulation from an antiquated perspective but teach important lessons for shaping future regulation. Currently, they all fall short in recognizing the technical particularities of data that set its trade apart from traditional trade approaches.

Fabrice Blais-Savoie provides concrete recommendations for developing foundational regulation on trade in data that meets economic goals while also protecting national security and individual rights, such as recognizing the incompatibility of the current trade paradigm with data; ensuring a secure, free and safe data economy; and preparing for the evolving trade ecosystem and looming negotiations, such as the CUSMA review and WTO negotiations.

About the Author

Fabrice Blais-Savoie is a Digital Policy Hub master’s fellow studying international public policy at the Balsillie School of International Affairs.